She said she was relieved to see their use severely curtailed. Questions about the necessity and value of injunctions have lingered for years. There were roughly 8, people subject to the injunctions in , when the ACLU filed its lawsuit. Many people were still subject to the injunctions in L. Police agencies across California have begun to move away from the use of injunctions in recent years, due to a mix of public backlash or concerns about due process violations similar to those alleged in Los Angeles.
While gang violence and violent crime overall in the city have fallen dramatically over the past few decades, the downward trend stalled this year as shootings and homicides surged amid the ongoing COVID pandemic. Officials have blamed much of that violence on gang members, who police believe have grown increasingly brazen in their willingness to open fire on groups of people. The L. Times holiday gift guide.
Our analysis indicates that gang injunctions appear to have contributed to crime reductions in Los Angeles and may still have an important role. Key words: gangs, gang injunctions, difference-in-difference, spatial-temporal model. Skip to main content. The Cambridge study seems like valid proof that the injunctions are effective, at least in England. In December, the L. District Attorney in the midst of the debate of the constitutionality of gang injunctions.
Times story. In Oxnard, there were gang members served with one of the two gang injunctions. Under the proposed ordinance for gang determination, the criteria would include any, several or all of the following:. The criteria, however, to identify current gang members is similar to criteria of the original Oxnard gang injunctions criteria.
Gang injunctions raise a number of civil liberties concerns, both for specific, targeted individuals, as well as any community member who lives in or visits the designated area. One of the most troubling aspects is that they often give police overly-broad discretion to label people gang members without having to present any evidence or even charge someone with a crime. Police are left to rely on things like what someone looks like, where they live, and who they know.
As a result, there is a great potential for racial profiling, with a particular impact on young people of color. Despite the documented existence of white gangs, no California gang injunction has targeted a white gang. People targeted by gang injunctions are not guaranteed their legal right to be notified or given the opportunity to defend themselves in court prior to being bound by restrictions of the injunction, nor are they provided with an attorney.
Additionally, many gang injunctions do not provide a clear way out for people who are either mistakenly identified as gang members or for those who have turned their lives around.
This means that the injunction could follow them the rest of their life, which can make it more difficult to avoid gang activity. Gang injunctions are an ineffective law enforcement tool that does not address the root problems of crime and violence.
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